Personal Statement
I am a Senior Lecturer in law at Liverpool Law School. I am serving as the Associate Head of the Department of Law at the University of Liverpool School of Law & Social Justice since 2022. I am member of the University of Liverpool's Central Research Ethics Committee since 2017.

I completed my LLM degree in International Trade and Finance Law from Aberdeen University, Scotland. I was based at the ESRC Centre for Competition Policy, Norwich whilst writing my doctoral thesis on the ‘Non-Use and Unreasonable Use of Intellectual Property Rights.’ The doctoral studies was funded by the University of East Anglia Graduate Studentship Scheme Funding & Norwich Law School Scholarships.

I have been a full-time academic since 2008 and completed my Post-Grad Diploma in Teaching in UK Higher Education in 2011. Before joining Liverpool, I was an academic at the University of Bristol, England and Aberystwyth University, Wales. I have served on the governing body Senate of both Aberystwyth University and University of Bristol.

I also have experience teaching at Anglia Ruskin University (Cambridge); Wroclaw University (Poland); Masaryk University (Czech Republic); University of East Anglia (Norwich) and Norfolk County Council. I have a research-led teaching approach and have taught undergraduate, and post-graduate students in the area of intellectual property law, competition law, digital justice and law of contract.

I was a Research scholar at the Max-Planck Institute for Innovation & Competition, Munich (Early 2015) (Funded by the Max-Planck Institute for Innovation & Competition Research Scholarship Programme); I have also been a Visiting Researcher, Centre for Law & Policy Research, Bangalore (Dec – Jan 2015) and Visiting Researcher, University of Cape Town (Oct – Nov 2014) (Funded by the Institute for Advanced Studies Researcher Mobility Awards)

PhD Supervision:
Bianca Hanuz - Funded by Graduate Teaching Fund, University of Liverpool - "Examining the application of blockchain technology as a solution to and enabler of end user online copyright infringement" (Completed)
Rebecca Owens - Funded by Sir Joseph Rotblat Scholarship, University of Liverpool - "Recaliberating Research Exemption: An Interdisciplinary Evaluation of Access to Biotechnological Research Tools Within Public Research Organisations
Yichen Zhang - Funded by China Scholarship Council Funding - "The Emergence of Text and Data Mining Technique in the Digital Era – A Contemporary Challenge to Intellectual Property Rights"
Phoung Ngo - Funded by Hodgson Scholarship, University of Liverpool - "Integrating privacy behavioural economics in competition analysis to enhance the enforcement of the EU competition law"
I also support supervision for
Marcelo Campbell, Funded by the AHRC North-West Doctoral Consortium Scholarship (working on Unhealthy Food Environments, Human Rights and Strategic Litigation)
Franco Castillo, Funded by the Chilean Government Scholarship (working on Abuse of Dominance; Exploitative Abuses by Digital Platforms)

Research Overview
I have published in a number of international peer-reviewed journals including International & Comparative Law Quarterly; Journal of International Economic Law; European Journal of International Law; International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law and European Intellectual Property Review, among others.

My research focuses on the identification and reinterpretation of the shifting dynamics of IP law and policies and its increasingly complex interaction with other areas of law and policy such as constitutional law, competition law, environmental law, international trade law, public health law and policy, innovation policy, cultural heritage, and technology law. My research agenda is an attempt to document the gradual transition of debates from the traditional Global North-Global South axis and the adoption of a more longitudinal shift that takes into account a conflux of actors, agendas, spaces (cyberspace) and norms that often characterises incongruent or even colliding rationalities. The consequence of this approach challenges the narrative that globalisation of IP norms is based on a linear motion of IP principles from the developed to developing world. Inevitably, I am drawn to examine the complexities and nuances of ancillary disciplines in order to gain sufficient foundational knowledge that in turn supports the examination of their interaction with IP law.

Given the broad research theme that yields various strands of research topic, my focus has been on the following lines of inquiry:
(a) Intellectual Property and Right to freedom of speech. This theme has led me to work directly on Free Speech and the Constitution (working on defamation issues in common law jurisdictions). Have also consulted for the Amercian Bar Association specifically in relation to Freedom of Speech issue in Singapore.
(b) Intellectual Property and Public Interest: The Access Debates (green technologies, medicines, public health, and Misuse and Abuse of IP law in general)
(c) Intellectual Property and Cultural Heritage (geographical indications for agricultural and non-agricultural goods in India and Uganda)
(d) Intellectual Property and Technology (artificial intelligence, digital privacy)

I have worked on various projects within the Law & Non-Communicable Diseases Unit Research Cluster since March 2017 https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/law/research/law-and-non-communicable-diseases/members-and-advisory-board/
I am a member of the European Public Health Association's Working Group on Access to Medicines since July 2023 https://eupha.org/working-group-on-access-to-medicines